Sains Malaysiana 54(1)(2025): 109-120

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5401-09

 

Pewarna Kuku Semula Jadi berasaskan Ekstrak Hylocereus polyrhizus dan Curcuma longa

(Natural Nail Colour based on Hylocereus polyrhizus and Curcuma longa Extracts)

 

PUTERI NOR AIN AMIRA MAZLAN¹, ROZIDA MOHD KHALID^1,2, NOOR AFIZAH ROSLI^1,2, ANISAH JAMALUDDIN³, MAZNI MUSA⁴, ANTONIUS R B OLA^5,6 & SURIA RAMLI^1,2,*

 

¹Jabatan Sains Kimia, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
²Pusat Penyelidikan Polimer, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
³Program Teknologi Enzim & Fermentasi, Pusat Penyelidikan Sains & Teknologi Makanan, Ibu Pejabat MARDI, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
⁴Pusat Pengajian Kimia dan Alam Sekitar, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
⁵Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering-Universitas Nusa Cendana, Jln Adi Sucipto,
Penfui-Kupang 85118, NTT, Indonesia
⁶Laboratorium Riset Terpadu (Biosains), Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang, NTT, Indonesia

 

Received: 1 August 2024/Accepted: 1 October 2024

 

Abstrak

Pewarna kuku adalah salah satu produk kosmetik khususnya buat para wanita bagi tujuan kecantikan yang seterusnya mampu meningkatkan penampilan diri seseorang. Namun, pewarna kuku akrilik yang tidak telap air menjadi isu buat wanita Muslim yang ingin mengambil wuduk khususnya. Oleh itu, dalam kajian ini pewarna kuku semula jadi daripada ekstrak buah naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dan kunyit (Curcuma longa) dijadikan salah satu sumber selain mempelbagaikan variasi warna pewarna kuku. Penyelidikan ini melibatkan kaedah pengekstrakan air untuk pigmen buah naga dan pengekstrakan etanol untuk pigmen kunyit. Molekul pigmen dalam ekstrak dikesan melalui analisis spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR) dan kandungan pigmen yang diekstrak ditentukan melalui spektroskopi ultra lembayung-boleh nampak (UV-Vis). Seterusnya, pigmen buah naga dan kunyit divarisakan dalam pelbagai formulasi pewarna kuku. Formulasi pewarna kuku diuji dengan membangunkan skala kelabu bagi melihat kesan pewarna pada kuku manusia dan kebolehtelapan air. Analisis FTIR membuktikan kehadiran pigmen buah naga dan kunyit masing-masing pada 3334 dan 3310 cm^-1 yang merujuk kepada regangan -OH pigmen betasianin. Hasil pengekstrakan pigmen buah naga adalah sebanyak 20.08% manakala pigmen kunyit pula sebanyak 12.34%. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pewarna kuku berasaskan ekstrak buah naga memberikan warna ungu kemerahan manakala ekstrak kunyit warna kuning terang pada kuku manusia. Dalam ujian ketelapan air, pewarna kuku daripada ekstrak buah naga mempunyai kebolehtelapan air yang lebih baik dengan peratus resapan air sebanyak 94.79%, berbanding dengan ekstrak kunyit iaitu sebanyak 67.58%. Namun, pewarna kuku berasaskan buah naga kurang sekata dan kurang menyerap pada kuku berbanding pewarna kuku berasaskan ekstrak kunyit. Oleh itu, penyelidikan akan datang diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kaedah pengekstrakan dan formulasi untuk menghasilkan sifat pewarna kuku semula jadi yang lebih baik.

 

Kata kunci: Buah naga; kunyit; pewarna kuku semula jadi; pigmen

 

Abstract

Nail dye is a cosmetic product that is typically used by women to enhance their beauty and improve their appearance.  Non-waterproof acrylic nail polish presents a challenge for Muslim women who wish to undergo ablution.  In this study, we utilized natural nail dyes derived from dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) as alternative sources, while expanding the range of colour options available for nail dyes. This study involved water extraction methods for dragon fruit pigments and ethanol extraction methods for turmeric pigments. The pigment molecules in the extract were detected using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the extracted pigment content was determined using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy.  Subsequently, dragon fruit pigments and turmeric have been incorporated into a range of nail colour formulations. To evaluate the performance of these formulations, a grayscale was employed to assess their impact on human nails and water permeability.  FTIR analysis showed that dragon fruit and turmeric pigments were present at 3334 and 3310 cm^-1, respectively, which corresponded to the -OH stretch of the betacyanin pigment. The extraction yield of dragon fruit pigment was 20.08%, while the yield of turmeric pigment was 12.34%.  The study findings showed that nail dye made with dragon fruit extract produces a reddish-purple hue, whereas turmeric extract results in a vibrant yellow colour in human nails. In the water permeability examination, the nail dye derived from dragon fruit extract exhibited superior water penetration, with a percentage of 94.79%, compared to 67.58% for the turmeric extract.  Dragon fruit-based nail dyes are less uniform and absorbent than turmeric extract-based nail dyes. Therefore, there is a need for further research to enhance the extraction methods and formulations of natural nail dyes to achieve better properties.

 

Keywords: Dragon fruit; natural nail dye; pigment; turmeric

 

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*Corresponding author; email: su_ramli@ukm.edu.my